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History of Compact Discs A standard CD will have a diameter of just 12 cm and about 80 minutes audio data can be stored on it. What Types of Wireless Networks Are Available? A wide variety of types and numbers of wireless data networks exist. Some of these operate via wireless voice networks, like cellular telephone networks. Some examples of these include: Cellular Digital Packet Data (CPDP), High-Speed Circuit-Switched Data (HSCSD), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), and Packet Data Cellular (PDC-P). Other types of wireless networks operate on the physical layers of their individual networks. These may use a wide variety of signals, including antennas located atop towers, or those designed as part of a handheld device. Some examples of these are Local Multipoint Distribution Systems (LMDS) or Multichannel Multipoint Distribution Systems (MMDS) technologies, or 802.11 standards (often used for wireless local area networks, or LANs). In a few instances, the wireless network is designed to connect only with small devices at short distances. One example of this is Bluetooth technology. What is a Wireless Modem? A wireless modem can be described as a device that is connected to a wireless network rather than a telephone line. Computers that use a wireless modem are linked directly with the wireless internet provider (IP), thus allowing access to the Internet. This type of modem is capable of performing at speeds very similar to those of dialup modems, which is much slower than a broadband Internet connection. LC Connector This type of connector is a small fiber optic connector closely resembling a tiny Subscriber, or SC connector. It features a form-factor design, and was developed for use by Lucent Technologies specifically for utilization in telephone companies, or TelCo environments. This connector has achieved standardization within the Fiber Optic Connector Intermateability Stardards as FOCIS 10, specifically according to those provisions issued by EIA/TIA 604-10. What is UMTS? As one of the most practical mobile phone innovations to date, Universal Mobile Telecommunications Systems (UMTS) are part of the latest generation of technology that has broadened the scope of mobile phone use. The following details include some basics about UMTS and the types of applications this technology enables. Packet Sniffing Packet Sniffing can best be described as the process of using a software application for audio monitoring of one’s network device. The goal of sniffing is to locate interesting packets. The application monitors the device until it encounters a pack that meets certain conditions, at which point it saves it in a file. Most of the time, potentially interesting packets are those in which terms such as ‘login’ or ‘password’ are found. Sniffing requires one to purchase or encode a software application that is compatible with the interface design featured by your network’s operating system. What is RJ-11? This connector device, an abbreviation for ’Registered Jack’, is the standard for the two-pair, or four-wire engineering design for telephone wiring. This type of physical connector interface is the one used most often when wiring telephone terminals. Despite the fact that this connection device features six positions, only two or four of these are usually used. Two standard varieties of RJ-11 connector wiring are available. These include the Unshielded Twisted Pair, or UTP, and the untwisted wiring, also called flat satin cable. What is ICMP? The Internet Control Message Protocol, or ICMP, is a protocol complementary to Internet Protocol (IP).Both of these operate at the OSI Model’s Network Layer . Calling cards and the Internet International calls are very expensive. Though, you need to make such long distance calls if you are a scholar studying in a distant country or if you are required to communicate with trade associates in other countries. There are numerous ways presented now to save your money on international calls. Feel warm using fire screensavers! Laconic Software released attractive nice fire software titles which show an unbelievable real animated flame effect on PC. What is the Purpose of an Ethernet Crossover Cable? An Ethernet crossover cable is a cable that can be used to create a very simple computer network. To create a computer network, one must join at least two computers together for sharing program files and data. Sometimes, computer networks are extremely complex, involving many computers, as well as routers and hubs. Each of these computers interacts and shares data with the others. How do you explain the purpose of the OSI model? The reference model used by most Intelligence Technology (IT) experts to explain the functions of both networks and their applications is the Open System Interconnection, or OSI model. This concept was originally developed for the purpose of describing an entire range of protocols for production networks. The expense and intricacy of the programming process required to successfully define this network made this descriptive project unfeasible. Furthermore, while the OSI designers quibbled over individual responsibilities of the application’s features, the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol, or TCP/IP, became the world’s standard instead. MicroStation Tips & Tricks: Making global changes easier It's common to have to repeat the same task over and over in a given design file or in a series of design files. In these cases, it's nice to have a macro recorded that will perform that repetitive action without your having to go through all the key-strokes and mouse-clicks each time to get the task done. What's better is being able to run that macro on all your design files at the same time! This is where Global File Changer from Axiom (http://www.AxiomInt.com) steps in. Windows Vista Themes and Skins Microsoft is a company which is never satisfied with their current situation. They like to update themselves to reach the final pinnacle of betterment and after reaching the point they make sure they start afresh and come up with a new product outperforming their own previous products. It takes people some time to absorb their updates and products. They were the ones who dreamt that all computers of the world will run their operating system and this motivated them to create the first operating system. The Best Spyware and Adware Remover 2008 Spyware & Adware Remover 2008 is a cutting-edge anti-spyware solution. Our revolutionary Spyware & Adware Remover Free Scan was created by the industry's top spyware experts in order to protect your computer and your privacy, while ensuring optimal system performance. Visually Impaired Access to computers Some people may be surprised to find out that the blind and visually impaired are about as likely to be on the internet as a sighted person. It can seem like a daunting task to learn to use a computer system, but the fact is, there are plenty of easy ways for the visually impaired to get online. How Computer Managers Cope With The Ever Shrinking Server Room Most businesses insist on packing the server room with as much technology as possible - does yours? Bullet Proof Jackets For Standard Computers Learn why the top 500 world maufacturers protect their computers in harsh areas. What Every Computer Manager Should Know About Industrial Keyboards. Have you ever wondered what sort of keyboard people use in harsh environments...we are all too familiar with the plastic case keyboards that come with our home PC. Windows Mobile Freeware Pocket PC resource for the latest news, reviews and interesting application developed for PPC or PDA running on Windows Mobile. Best site for Windows Mobile Freewares. Recover lost files quickly with Restore-My-Files 2008! Did your finger touch the delete key by mistake and you are mad at yourself for that? Did you lose important data files due to virus attack, hard disk format or software failure? Just relax and use Restore My Files. You will get back the all so important file that you lost in a jiffy! Thin Client Computers - Understanding The Differences Between PC's What is a thin client? Well its a sort of PC with less of everything. PC enclosures - why protection is needed for standard PC's Why protecting standard computers in industrial applications is essential for a high Return On Investment. Thin Client Computers - Understanding The Differences Between PC's. What is a thin client? Well its a sort of PC with less of everything Registry Optimizer 2008: Prevent Errors and Repair PC Problems! Is your computer moving too slowly? Do you receive strange messages about errors and want to stop this from happening again? Too much sudden computer crashing is affecting you too? Registry Optimizer will scan the Windows Registry for any obsolete or incorrect data and will let you know how to fix them. By fixing these errors your computer will work better and will have a higher speed. MicroStation Tips & Tricks from Axiom In a previous MicroStation Tips & Tricks article (http://AxiomInt.com), Axiom's MicroStation guru, Rick Sewell, showed you how to update the level table in any number of your design files using a CSV file. The CSV contained level and symbology definitions as they were defined in the source design file of your choice. You now have all of your levels exactly as they were defined in your source design file. In this article, Rick shows you how to update your levels to match your new V8 standards. - Editor What is Modulation? Modulation is the process of varying some characteristic of a periodic wave with an external signals. How Proxy Servers Protect Your Privacy A proxy server protects your privacy by being the ‘middleman’ between you and a real server. When you visit a website, it intercepts your requests to determine if it can manage your requests by itself. If it can’t take care of your request, the proxy server will send the request to the real server. Thus, it provides you with indirect access to real servers. How to Unblock Websites at School with Web Proxies If you need to unblock a blocked website at school, you can use a Web proxy to do this. You must initially obtain a proxy server. You can have a free Web proxy or subscribe to a professional proxy provider. What is DSL? DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) is a telecommunication service that transforms an ordinary phone into a high-speed conduit for data, voice and video. How to Set Up Your Own Proxy Server A lot of surfers who use proxy servers frequently complain that theirs do not work at their school/ office computers because their Web proxies are blocked by the system administrator. What is a Race Condition? A race condition occurs when multiple processes access and manipulate the same data concurrently, and the outcome of the execution depends on the particular order in which the access takes place. What is 802.1p? 802.1p refers to an IEEE specification for giving Layer 2 switches the ability to prioritize traffic as well as perform dynamic multicast filtering. Basically, it provides a mechanism for implementing Quality of Service at the MAC (Media Access Level) level. What is 0x800a138f? The causes of the "0x800a138f Windows Update Error" are plentiful, and there are quite a number of ways to go about fixing this problem. The steps used to repair this error, are similar to the steps completed to repair the 0x800a0007 Windows Update Error. These steps include correcting the date and time settings, the language settings, and disabling an antivirus or firewall program. What is Jitter? Jitter is technically defined as a variation of a periodic signal or pulse from its ideal position in time. It is most commonly encountered in telecommunications (also called packet delay variation – PDV - the variation in the time of arrival of packets in a high-speed data transmission) and in electronic systems (the deviation in the amplitude, phase, timing or width of high-frequency digital signals). What is DMA? DMA is Direct Memory Access. DMA is a system that allows memory to be controlled without passing through the CPU. What is a USB device? A USB device is any peripheral hardware that connects and runs on a computer's Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface - a standardized socket that allows connection and disconnection of devices without having to reboot the computer. USB controls the peripheral devices in a master/slave relationship. What is 802.11g? The 802.11g is one of the standards defined by IEEE Standards Committee for wireless local area networks (WLAN). Commonly known as WiFi, it is a specification that offers wireless transmission over relatively short distances of up to 54 megabits per second (Mbps). It replaced the original WiFi, standard, 802.11b, which only allows speeds up to 11 Mbps. What is Change management? Change Management refers to an IT Service Management discipline whose objective is to ensure that standardized methods and procedures are used for efficient and prompt handling of changes to controlled IT infrastructure. How does one set-up Free to Air Satellite receivers? A Free to Air Satellite receiver (abbreviated FTA receivers) refers to satellite receivers that are designed to receive unencrypted FTA satellite transmissions. What is S-Video? S-Video or Separate Video (also referred to as Y/S and erroneously as 'super video') is an analog video signal that transmits video data in two separate and distinct signals - one for color and the other for brightness. This procedure is a departure from the composite video concept where the entire set of information is transferred as a composite (all in one) package. S-Video works in 576i and 480i resolution. What is 568A? EIA/TIA 568A is a standard for the pin arrangements of RJ-45 connectors on Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) wire. What is CAT 6? CAT 6 (short for Category 6) refers to an Ethernet cable as defined by Electronic Industries Association and Telecommunication Industry Association (EIA/TIA). Where can I Get Xbox Live Free Trial Codes? There are many different websites where you can get the Xbox Live codes. Some of these web sites offer tons of free codes after you have played some of the other games offered on their website. What is HDMI? High-Definition televisions and components have increased exponentially in popularity in recent years. How can I convert AVI to DVD? AVI to DVD conversion has become a fairly common type of file conversion these days. It has become fairly easy to burn a movie stored on your hard disk in AVI format to a disk so that you can watch it on a standard dvd player. But what is the difference between the two formats anyway? What is DisplayPort? DisplayPort is the new digital display interface standard. It has been recently approved (5/2006) by VESA and will be hitting the markets in 2008. For most computer users, the fairly big and bulky VGA port is familiar. While the VGA port has been extremely reliable and has delivered competent performance, the new standard – the Display Port – is considered to be quite an upgrade from traditional VGA ports and is on par with HDMI. How Do I Unblock Websites? The answer to this question is determined by what is blocking you from accessing a website. If the website itself is blocking you, then you have one set of solutions. If there is something between you and the website which is blocking you, then you have a different set of solutions. How do I unlock a phone? Mobile phone carriers commonly subsidize the costs of new cell phones. The customer pays $99 for a five hundred dollar phone and the carrier pays the rest of the cost. The customer signs a service contract where the customer agrees to stay with the service provider for a number of years. Over the lifetime of that contract, the mobile phone service provider makes enough profit to cover their initial subsidy on the purchase of the cell phone. What is DNS DNS (Domain Name System), is the service which translates between Internet names and Internet addresses. What are Molex Connectors A Molex connector is a lingo term used to refer to a type of connector used in microcomputers. The Molex connector was designed by Molex. Molex is a large electronic component manufacturing company founded in 1938. How Do I Convert MP4 to MP3 Converting MP4 to MP3 is extremely simple to do and usually only requires a small application. MP3 is one of the world's most popular digital audio formats, due to its high sound quality and high compression rate that makes these files very small and easy to work with. How Do I Change My Hotmail Password There are two ways to change a Hotmail password. If the current password is known, it can be used to sign in and then change the password. But if the current password has been forgotten, then it has to be reset. Solidworks Tutorial SolidWorks allows you to view 3d parts from all different angles. There are infinite ways to view an object, but engineers usually only concern themselves with 4 main views. You can see these views in the above picture of the green link. Routing Tables In computer networking, a routing table is an electronic table or database type object that is stored in a router or a networked computer. The routing table stores the routes (and details related with those routes) and network destinations. The routing table contains the topology of the immediate network. The primary goal of routing protocols and static routes is to construct the routing tables. EVDO Evolution Data Optimized, also known as Evolution Data Only or EVDO (EV-DO) is a type of broadband data transfer standard designed for cellular networks. It was adopted primarily by Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) network providers as one of the major components of the CDMA2000 standards family. EVDO is currently the primary competitor for HSDPA, or High-Speed Downlink Packet Access. Like HSDPA, EVDO is a third generation cellular technology (3G) which can be used to download various bits of data, voice, and television shows from the cellular network to an EVDO device. EVDO in the United States is currently offered by Sprint, Alltel, and Verizon Wireless providers. One of the limitations of transmitting and receiving mobile data is the lack of bandwidth. EVDO technology was created to overcome this limitation and deliver large amounts of data to and from mobile devices. Would You Eat From A Toilet? So, why are you eating at Your Desk! Discover what bugs and bacteria live where you eat. Nokia N96 Due for Release Next Month The new Nokia N96 is a fabulously designed 3G smart phone that features an unique dual opening mechanism which is also designed to be the next flagship of Nokia handsets. Error Loading Operating System This error appears when the Operating System of a computer fails to load from the hard drive into the Random Access Memory. How does LDAP work Lightweight Directory Access Protocol or LDAP is a TCP/IP-based Internet protocol used by email programs and a few other applications to search and fetch information from a directory stored on a server. A directory is a data repository storing identical chunks of information in a hierarchical and logical sequence. Emoticon A small text-based or graphics-based picture or icon used in a message in order to convey an emotion is known as an “Emoticon”. Emoticons have been in vogue since the days of the Morse code. Back then, they were used more as a code rather than a graphical symbol. Only people familiar with the code could interpret them. Who was it that Invented Electricity Electricity is a naturally occurring form of energy found in nature, and human beings did not invent it. Natural forms of electricity are found in lightning and in all electro-chemical impulses within living beings. For instance, the heartbeat is controlled by a micro-impulse of electricity. All forms of thought are electro-chemical impulses traveling within the neural network in the brain. 'No Audio Device' Error If you have experienced a Windows "No Audio Device" error, it most likely means that your sound card is not installed properly. Proxy.com A Proxy is a software program that resides in-between a client computer and a server. All communication between the client and the server are routed through the proxy. The proxy software can reside either on a dedicated computer, sandwiched between the client and the server, or exist in the client computer itself. The proxy acts like a filter that sifts all communication that occurs between the client and the server. What is a netmask calculator and how do I calculate it? A netmask calculator is basically a script or a program that automatically calculates the netmask numbers for you. Netmask is simply a code of numbers that is used to correctly transfer messages among machines in the same subnet. So, a netmask would work together with the router to determine whether the data goes. For example, if the host’s IP address was 63.243.31.41 and the netmask was 255.255.255.0, the netmask is responsible for telling the machine what numbers in IP address are the subnet and what numbers in the IP address is the machine. In this case, 63.172.202 would be the subnet part while 41 would be the machine part. So, any machine in the 63.172.202 would be part of the (local) subnet and thus, the netmask is exactly what assists in differentiating the IP address. Define Global Catalog Domains and Forests can also share resources available in active directory. These resources are searched by Global Catalog across domains and forests and this search is transparent to user. For example, if you make a search for all of the printers in a forest, this search goes to global catalog server for its query and then global catalog returns the results. What is Scan Disk ScanDisk checks and repairs file systems and bad data clusters. ScanDisk is a system utility which is bundled with and all Microsoft Windows Operating Systems. Runtime Error A Runtime Error is an error that occurs during the execution of a program. Smitfraud SmitFraud is a type of spyware application that is capable of installing itself in your computer through an adware. It has the technical name W32/SmitFraud.A. UMTS UMTS (Universal Mobile Telephone Service) is a third generation (3G) cellular technology, which provides data speeds up to 2 Mbps making portable videophones a reality. UMTS was developed and standardized by ETSI (European Telecommunications Standard Institute) within the ITU's IMT-200 framework. The technology is optimized to allow state of the art, very high-speed multimedia services such videoconferencing, full motion video, and Internet access. Converting FLAC to MP3 Firstly, a FLAC is an abbreviation for “Free Lossless Audio Codec,” which means that the audio is compressed and the size of the file is smaller, but the quality is still the same. On the other hand, an MP3, an abbreviation for MPEG-3, is a lossy audio format that looses a bit of the original audio data. Converting a file from .flac to .mp3 can be an annoying task, but it can be done quite easily in any operating system with the right program. Define ODBC ODBC (Open Data Base Connectivity) is a function library which provides a common API (Application Programming Interface) for ODBC compliant database management systems. Download Accelerator 2008: Accelerate Your Internet! Don't waste your time! You can double, triple and even quadruple your download speed. Don't wait any longer for your web pages or downloads. Don't let a sudden disconnection ruin a long download. Make sure your downloads can be resumed almost instantly. This software allows you to increase your download speed dramatically! Define MSDTC MSDTC, an abbreviation for Microsoft’s Distributed Transaction Coordinator (DTC), is a service component implanted in recently marketed Microsoft Windows systems (operating systems Windows 2000 and after, and Windows NT 4.0 has the MSDTC). Its job is coordinating the various transactions among multiple resource managers, including but not limited to databases, file systems, and message queues. Anonymous Proxy An anonymous proxy, also referred to as an anonymous proxy server, allows a client to access a file, web page, or some other resources through a server which services the requests of the client through another remote server. Error 1721 Error 1721 is a Microsoft error that is sometimes generated when you attempt to use an executable file called Cluster Administrator. The general text of Error 1721 is the following: "not enough resources are available to complete this operation." UIF File A UIF file stands for Universal Image Format. It is a powerful compression format for image files and is used for backing up your CDs/DVDs. First, we may define an image file as equivalent to a CD/DVD or an exact replica of a CD/DVD. The UIF file format contains several enhanced features not usually found in ISO. Define Port Forwarding Port forwarding, often referred to as .tunnelling. is the forwarding of network ports from one network device to another. This is commonly done using a NAT (network address translation) enabled router or server and another computer within the local network. Define Anonymous Surfing Anonymous surfing is browsing web sites privately. Anonymous surfing encompasses two different forms of privacy. Converting FAT32 to NTFS These instruction will assist you in converting the C: partition from FAT32 to NTFS. If you wish to convert another partition instead, just use that drive letter instead of C: while following these instructions. What is CPU Speed The CPU of a computer is the part of it which performs all of its logical and arithmetic calculations. Define USB USB which stands for Universal Serial Bus is a standard for serial communications between computers and other devices. It was first introduced in 1996 and was jointly promoted by Intel, Phillips, US Robotics and Microsoft. History of Six Sigma Initially developed by Motorola (and current Motorola’s registered service mark and trademark), the Six Sigma is a business management strategy. It is widely adopted in today’s many industries. By using various management methods such as statistical methods, the Six Sigma tries find and delete any defects or errors during the manufacturing and business process. The strategy is also responsible for training a group of quality management method experts. Similar to some other business management methods, the Six Sigma project teams always have a specific plan with milestones along with a clear financial target. Define Radius Server Radius, Remote Authentication Dial In User Service is a networking concept which is used to provide access to users to services which require logging in, generally with a username and password. This protocol uses servers to store information in the form of a list of user names or passwords. So, when a user wants to log onto for example, the internet, he enters his user name and password and submits them. The data is sent to the RADIUS server and checked against a list of existing users and their respective passwords. If the username and password entered by the user matches the one on the list, then the user is granted access to the internet. How Can I Login to My Linksys Router Usually, if the router is still in its factory default settings and just out of the box, logging into your Linksys router is easy. What is Computer Temperature A computer temperature, as the name clearly states, is the temperature of your computer. This is largely a sum of various devices giving off heat within the system. These can include the hard drives, graphic cards, CD-ROMs, power supplies, and the CPU, which gives off the most heat. The heat from these hardwares can have multiple negative effects on the machine, ultimately decreasing the life span of the computer. How to Convert Millimeters (mm) to Inches (in) To convert a unit from millimeters to inches, multiple steps are necessary as the two units are in a different system of units. Millimeters is in a number form, 1 x 10-3 meters (the standard unit of length), and is one of the metric unit systems and a part of the International System of Units (SI). On the other hand, an inch is a unit of length in a few systems such as in the English units, Imperial units, and the United States customary units. It is basically 1/36th of a yard or 1/12th of a foot. What is Reverse DNS? Reverse DNS (rDNS) is the method used to determine the Internet Protocol (IP) addresses that are linked to certain hosts or host addresses. What are Police Scanner Codes A police scanner is basically just another type of a radio scanner. These special scanners can give and receive wireless radio signal transmissions and is becoming more and more of a household item. Police scanners are mainly used for both safety and business purposes. Unlike a FM or an AM radio signal which can only pick up their respective signals, the scanner will pick up a wide variety of signals and a number of them simultaneously too, allowing an easy check up on the various channels. Therefore, the term “police scanners” is simply a scanner that is tuned into the radio broadcasts done by the region’s police department. The ARP Cache The Address Resolution Protocol is designed to ease communication in TCP/IP networks through accelerated methods of finding host hardware addresses when the network layer is known. How Does a Token Ring Work Token Ring is a type of a local area network (LAN) technology first thought out by an IBM developer, Olof Söderblom, in the 1960s. Its US patents were first credited in 1981 and was later promoted by IBM throughout the early 1980s. Then, it was popularized by IBM when its Token Ring architecture was founded on active multi-station access units (MSAUs or MAUs) and the IBM Structured Cabling System. The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers also standardized the Token Ring as IEEE 802.5. Although very successful in its early days, with the introduction of 10-BASE-T (Ethernet) and the EIA/TIA 5638 cabling standard, its popularity and name fell by the early 1990s. IBM tried to revive it through an intense marketing campaign as it tried to outdo Ethernet in terms of performance and reliability, but was unable to match its adequately priced competition. Today, IBM no longer supports, promotes, or uses the Token Ring. Unix Signals A Unix signal can be defined as a message that is sent to a process that is currently running. How to Flush DNS Ocassionally a systems "cache" of DNS addresses becomes corrupt. It therefore, becomes necessary to clean up your systems' DNS cache. HyperTerminal HyperTerminal is communications software used to connect to other computers over modems, RS-232 serial connections, or telnet. In order to use HyperTerminal, the user will have to know details about the computer they wish to connect to, such as the number to dial or the IP address. msdtc.exe If you hit CTRL +Alt + Delete, you will launch your task manager on your Windows Operating System. With task manager open, you can choose from several tabs including; applications, processes, performance, networking and users. How Computers Are Taking Over The Work Place! No Where Is Safe! See how computers are monitoring our every movement, even at work! ATSC ATSC (Advanced Television Systems Committee) is a group formed in 1982 that developed the ATSC Standards for digital televisions in the United States and in many other countries such as Canada, South Korea, Mexico, and Honduras. The abbreviations are also known to refer to the ATSC Standards itself. DLLHOST.EXE The DLLHOST.EXE is a registry process which is run automatically by the Microsoft Windows Operating system. This process is important for managing DLL based applications. Convert Grams to Pounds Grams to pounds conversion applications consist of a user interface. This is the main area where you can enter data that you want to process. Normally, the user interface consists of text boxes and buttons that have the corresponding labels and instructions. Some grams to pounds software may even have graphics that enhance its visual appearance. Data Error Cyclic Redundancy Check The "Data Error Cyclic Redundancy Check" error message can occur in a variety of programs running under the Microsoft Windows family of operating systems; however, it is most well known as being the result of a problem with Microsoft Outlook, an email management client. Other synonymous errors include: "File pathfilename.pst could not be accessed. Data Error. Cyclic Redundancy Check." or "Error 0x80040116."
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